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kernel_optimize_test/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
Eric Whitney 4b3139576a ext4: shrink race window in ext4_should_retry_alloc() 
[ Upstream commit efc61345274d6c7a46a0570efbc916fcbe3e927b ]

When generic/371 is run on kvm-xfstests using 5.10 and 5.11 kernels, it
fails at significant rates on the two test scenarios that disable
delayed allocation (ext3conv and data_journal) and force actual block
allocation for the fallocate and pwrite functions in the test.  The
failure rate on 5.10 for both ext3conv and data_journal on one test
system typically runs about 85%.  On 5.11, the failure rate on ext3conv
sometimes drops to as low as 1% while the rate on data_journal
increases to nearly 100%.

The observed failures are largely due to ext4_should_retry_alloc()
cutting off block allocation retries when s_mb_free_pending (used to
indicate that a transaction in progress will free blocks) is 0.
However, free space is usually available when this occurs during runs
of generic/371.  It appears that a thread attempting to allocate
blocks is just missing transaction commits in other threads that
increase the free cluster count and reset s_mb_free_pending while
the allocating thread isn't running.  Explicitly testing for free space
availability avoids this race.

The current code uses a post-increment operator in the conditional
expression that determines whether the retry limit has been exceeded.
This means that the conditional expression uses the value of the
retry counter before it's increased, resulting in an extra retry cycle.
The current code actually retries twice before hitting its retry limit
rather than once.

Increasing the retry limit to 3 from the current actual maximum retry
count of 2 in combination with the change described above reduces the
observed failure rate to less that 0.1% on both ext3conv and
data_journal with what should be limited impact on users sensitive to
the overhead caused by retries.

A per filesystem percpu counter exported via sysfs is added to allow
users or developers to track the number of times the retry limit is
exceeded without resorting to debugging methods.  This should provide
some insight into worst case retry behavior.

Signed-off-by: Eric Whitney <enwlinux@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210218151132.19678-1-enwlinux@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
2021-04-07 15:00:03 +02:00

591 lines
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
* Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
* Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu)
*
*/
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/part_stat.h>
#include "ext4.h"
#include "ext4_jbd2.h"
typedef enum {
attr_noop,
attr_delayed_allocation_blocks,
attr_session_write_kbytes,
attr_lifetime_write_kbytes,
attr_reserved_clusters,
attr_sra_exceeded_retry_limit,
attr_inode_readahead,
attr_trigger_test_error,
attr_first_error_time,
attr_last_error_time,
attr_feature,
attr_pointer_ui,
attr_pointer_ul,
attr_pointer_u64,
attr_pointer_u8,
attr_pointer_string,
attr_pointer_atomic,
attr_journal_task,
} attr_id_t;
typedef enum {
ptr_explicit,
ptr_ext4_sb_info_offset,
ptr_ext4_super_block_offset,
} attr_ptr_t;
static const char proc_dirname[] = "fs/ext4";
static struct proc_dir_entry *ext4_proc_root;
struct ext4_attr {
struct attribute attr;
short attr_id;
short attr_ptr;
unsigned short attr_size;
union {
int offset;
void *explicit_ptr;
} u;
};
static ssize_t session_write_kbytes_show(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi, char *buf)
{
struct super_block *sb = sbi->s_buddy_cache->i_sb;
if (!sb->s_bdev->bd_part)
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "0\n");
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%lu\n",
(part_stat_read(sb->s_bdev->bd_part,
sectors[STAT_WRITE]) -
sbi->s_sectors_written_start) >> 1);
}
static ssize_t lifetime_write_kbytes_show(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi, char *buf)
{
struct super_block *sb = sbi->s_buddy_cache->i_sb;
if (!sb->s_bdev->bd_part)
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "0\n");
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
(unsigned long long)(sbi->s_kbytes_written +
((part_stat_read(sb->s_bdev->bd_part,
sectors[STAT_WRITE]) -
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sectors_written_start) >> 1)));
}
static ssize_t inode_readahead_blks_store(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi,
const char *buf, size_t count)
{
unsigned long t;
int ret;
ret = kstrtoul(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &t);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (t && (!is_power_of_2(t) || t > 0x40000000))
return -EINVAL;
sbi->s_inode_readahead_blks = t;
return count;
}
static ssize_t reserved_clusters_store(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi,
const char *buf, size_t count)
{
unsigned long long val;
ext4_fsblk_t clusters = (ext4_blocks_count(sbi->s_es) >>
sbi->s_cluster_bits);
int ret;
ret = kstrtoull(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &val);
if (ret || val >= clusters)
return -EINVAL;
atomic64_set(&sbi->s_resv_clusters, val);
return count;
}
static ssize_t trigger_test_error(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi,
const char *buf, size_t count)
{
int len = count;
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
if (len && buf[len-1] == '\n')
len--;
if (len)
ext4_error(sbi->s_sb, "%.*s", len, buf);
return count;
}
static ssize_t journal_task_show(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi, char *buf)
{
if (!sbi->s_journal)
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "<none>\n");
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%d\n",
task_pid_vnr(sbi->s_journal->j_task));
}
#define EXT4_ATTR(_name,_mode,_id) \
static struct ext4_attr ext4_attr_##_name = { \
.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name), .mode = _mode }, \
.attr_id = attr_##_id, \
}
#define EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(_name,_mode) EXT4_ATTR(_name,_mode,_name)
#define EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(_name) EXT4_ATTR(_name, 0444, feature)
#define EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name,_mode,_id,_struct,_elname) \
static struct ext4_attr ext4_attr_##_name = { \
.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name), .mode = _mode }, \
.attr_id = attr_##_id, \
.attr_ptr = ptr_##_struct##_offset, \
.u = { \
.offset = offsetof(struct _struct, _elname),\
}, \
}
#define EXT4_ATTR_STRING(_name,_mode,_size,_struct,_elname) \
static struct ext4_attr ext4_attr_##_name = { \
.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name), .mode = _mode }, \
.attr_id = attr_pointer_string, \
.attr_size = _size, \
.attr_ptr = ptr_##_struct##_offset, \
.u = { \
.offset = offsetof(struct _struct, _elname),\
}, \
}
#define EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0444, pointer_ui, ext4_super_block, _elname)
#define EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U8(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0444, pointer_u8, ext4_super_block, _elname)
#define EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U64(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0444, pointer_u64, ext4_super_block, _elname)
#define EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_STRING(_name,_elname,_size) \
EXT4_ATTR_STRING(_name, 0444, _size, ext4_super_block, _elname)
#define EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0644, pointer_ui, ext4_sb_info, _elname)
#define EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UL(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0644, pointer_ul, ext4_sb_info, _elname)
#define EXT4_RO_ATTR_SBI_ATOMIC(_name,_elname) \
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(_name, 0444, pointer_atomic, ext4_sb_info, _elname)
#define EXT4_ATTR_PTR(_name,_mode,_id,_ptr) \
static struct ext4_attr ext4_attr_##_name = { \
.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name), .mode = _mode }, \
.attr_id = attr_##_id, \
.attr_ptr = ptr_explicit, \
.u = { \
.explicit_ptr = _ptr, \
}, \
}
#define ATTR_LIST(name) &ext4_attr_##name.attr
EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(delayed_allocation_blocks, 0444);
EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(session_write_kbytes, 0444);
EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(lifetime_write_kbytes, 0444);
EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(reserved_clusters, 0644);
EXT4_ATTR_FUNC(sra_exceeded_retry_limit, 0444);
EXT4_ATTR_OFFSET(inode_readahead_blks, 0644, inode_readahead,
ext4_sb_info, s_inode_readahead_blks);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(inode_goal, s_inode_goal);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_stats, s_mb_stats);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_max_to_scan, s_mb_max_to_scan);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_min_to_scan, s_mb_min_to_scan);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_order2_req, s_mb_order2_reqs);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_stream_req, s_mb_stream_request);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_group_prealloc, s_mb_group_prealloc);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_max_inode_prealloc, s_mb_max_inode_prealloc);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(extent_max_zeroout_kb, s_extent_max_zeroout_kb);
EXT4_ATTR(trigger_fs_error, 0200, trigger_test_error);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(err_ratelimit_interval_ms, s_err_ratelimit_state.interval);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(err_ratelimit_burst, s_err_ratelimit_state.burst);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(warning_ratelimit_interval_ms, s_warning_ratelimit_state.interval);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(warning_ratelimit_burst, s_warning_ratelimit_state.burst);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(msg_ratelimit_interval_ms, s_msg_ratelimit_state.interval);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(msg_ratelimit_burst, s_msg_ratelimit_state.burst);
#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_DEBUG
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UL(simulate_fail, s_simulate_fail);
#endif
EXT4_RO_ATTR_SBI_ATOMIC(warning_count, s_warning_count);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_SBI_ATOMIC(msg_count, s_msg_count);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(errors_count, s_error_count);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U8(first_error_errcode, s_first_error_errcode);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U8(last_error_errcode, s_last_error_errcode);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(first_error_ino, s_first_error_ino);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(last_error_ino, s_last_error_ino);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U64(first_error_block, s_first_error_block);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_U64(last_error_block, s_last_error_block);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(first_error_line, s_first_error_line);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_UI(last_error_line, s_last_error_line);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_STRING(first_error_func, s_first_error_func, 32);
EXT4_RO_ATTR_ES_STRING(last_error_func, s_last_error_func, 32);
EXT4_ATTR(first_error_time, 0444, first_error_time);
EXT4_ATTR(last_error_time, 0444, last_error_time);
EXT4_ATTR(journal_task, 0444, journal_task);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_prefetch, s_mb_prefetch);
EXT4_RW_ATTR_SBI_UI(mb_prefetch_limit, s_mb_prefetch_limit);
static unsigned int old_bump_val = 128;
EXT4_ATTR_PTR(max_writeback_mb_bump, 0444, pointer_ui, &old_bump_val);
static struct attribute *ext4_attrs[] = {
ATTR_LIST(delayed_allocation_blocks),
ATTR_LIST(session_write_kbytes),
ATTR_LIST(lifetime_write_kbytes),
ATTR_LIST(reserved_clusters),
ATTR_LIST(sra_exceeded_retry_limit),
ATTR_LIST(inode_readahead_blks),
ATTR_LIST(inode_goal),
ATTR_LIST(mb_stats),
ATTR_LIST(mb_max_to_scan),
ATTR_LIST(mb_min_to_scan),
ATTR_LIST(mb_order2_req),
ATTR_LIST(mb_stream_req),
ATTR_LIST(mb_group_prealloc),
ATTR_LIST(mb_max_inode_prealloc),
ATTR_LIST(max_writeback_mb_bump),
ATTR_LIST(extent_max_zeroout_kb),
ATTR_LIST(trigger_fs_error),
ATTR_LIST(err_ratelimit_interval_ms),
ATTR_LIST(err_ratelimit_burst),
ATTR_LIST(warning_ratelimit_interval_ms),
ATTR_LIST(warning_ratelimit_burst),
ATTR_LIST(msg_ratelimit_interval_ms),
ATTR_LIST(msg_ratelimit_burst),
ATTR_LIST(errors_count),
ATTR_LIST(warning_count),
ATTR_LIST(msg_count),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_ino),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_ino),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_block),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_block),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_line),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_line),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_func),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_func),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_errcode),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_errcode),
ATTR_LIST(first_error_time),
ATTR_LIST(last_error_time),
ATTR_LIST(journal_task),
#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_DEBUG
ATTR_LIST(simulate_fail),
#endif
ATTR_LIST(mb_prefetch),
ATTR_LIST(mb_prefetch_limit),
NULL,
};
ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(ext4);
/* Features this copy of ext4 supports */
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(lazy_itable_init);
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(batched_discard);
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(meta_bg_resize);
#ifdef CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(encryption);
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(test_dummy_encryption_v2);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UNICODE
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(casefold);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FS_VERITY
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(verity);
#endif
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(metadata_csum_seed);
EXT4_ATTR_FEATURE(fast_commit);
static struct attribute *ext4_feat_attrs[] = {
ATTR_LIST(lazy_itable_init),
ATTR_LIST(batched_discard),
ATTR_LIST(meta_bg_resize),
#ifdef CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION
ATTR_LIST(encryption),
ATTR_LIST(test_dummy_encryption_v2),
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UNICODE
ATTR_LIST(casefold),
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FS_VERITY
ATTR_LIST(verity),
#endif
ATTR_LIST(metadata_csum_seed),
ATTR_LIST(fast_commit),
NULL,
};
ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(ext4_feat);
static void *calc_ptr(struct ext4_attr *a, struct ext4_sb_info *sbi)
{
switch (a->attr_ptr) {
case ptr_explicit:
return a->u.explicit_ptr;
case ptr_ext4_sb_info_offset:
return (void *) (((char *) sbi) + a->u.offset);
case ptr_ext4_super_block_offset:
return (void *) (((char *) sbi->s_es) + a->u.offset);
}
return NULL;
}
static ssize_t __print_tstamp(char *buf, __le32 lo, __u8 hi)
{
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%lld\n",
((time64_t)hi << 32) + le32_to_cpu(lo));
}
#define print_tstamp(buf, es, tstamp) \
__print_tstamp(buf, (es)->tstamp, (es)->tstamp ## _hi)
static ssize_t ext4_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
struct attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct ext4_sb_info,
s_kobj);
struct ext4_attr *a = container_of(attr, struct ext4_attr, attr);
void *ptr = calc_ptr(a, sbi);
switch (a->attr_id) {
case attr_delayed_allocation_blocks:
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
(s64) EXT4_C2B(sbi,
percpu_counter_sum(&sbi->s_dirtyclusters_counter)));
case attr_session_write_kbytes:
return session_write_kbytes_show(sbi, buf);
case attr_lifetime_write_kbytes:
return lifetime_write_kbytes_show(sbi, buf);
case attr_reserved_clusters:
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
(unsigned long long)
atomic64_read(&sbi->s_resv_clusters));
case attr_sra_exceeded_retry_limit:
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
(unsigned long long)
percpu_counter_sum(&sbi->s_sra_exceeded_retry_limit));
case attr_inode_readahead:
case attr_pointer_ui:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
if (a->attr_ptr == ptr_ext4_super_block_offset)
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n",
le32_to_cpup(ptr));
else
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n",
*((unsigned int *) ptr));
case attr_pointer_ul:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%lu\n",
*((unsigned long *) ptr));
case attr_pointer_u8:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n",
*((unsigned char *) ptr));
case attr_pointer_u64:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
if (a->attr_ptr == ptr_ext4_super_block_offset)
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
le64_to_cpup(ptr));
else
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
*((unsigned long long *) ptr));
case attr_pointer_string:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%.*s\n", a->attr_size,
(char *) ptr);
case attr_pointer_atomic:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%d\n",
atomic_read((atomic_t *) ptr));
case attr_feature:
return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "supported\n");
case attr_first_error_time:
return print_tstamp(buf, sbi->s_es, s_first_error_time);
case attr_last_error_time:
return print_tstamp(buf, sbi->s_es, s_last_error_time);
case attr_journal_task:
return journal_task_show(sbi, buf);
}
return 0;
}
static ssize_t ext4_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
struct attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t len)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct ext4_sb_info,
s_kobj);
struct ext4_attr *a = container_of(attr, struct ext4_attr, attr);
void *ptr = calc_ptr(a, sbi);
unsigned long t;
int ret;
switch (a->attr_id) {
case attr_reserved_clusters:
return reserved_clusters_store(sbi, buf, len);
case attr_pointer_ui:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
ret = kstrtoul(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &t);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (a->attr_ptr == ptr_ext4_super_block_offset)
*((__le32 *) ptr) = cpu_to_le32(t);
else
*((unsigned int *) ptr) = t;
return len;
case attr_pointer_ul:
if (!ptr)
return 0;
ret = kstrtoul(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &t);
if (ret)
return ret;
*((unsigned long *) ptr) = t;
return len;
case attr_inode_readahead:
return inode_readahead_blks_store(sbi, buf, len);
case attr_trigger_test_error:
return trigger_test_error(sbi, buf, len);
}
return 0;
}
static void ext4_sb_release(struct kobject *kobj)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct ext4_sb_info,
s_kobj);
complete(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
}
static const struct sysfs_ops ext4_attr_ops = {
.show = ext4_attr_show,
.store = ext4_attr_store,
};
static struct kobj_type ext4_sb_ktype = {
.default_groups = ext4_groups,
.sysfs_ops = &ext4_attr_ops,
.release = ext4_sb_release,
};
static struct kobj_type ext4_feat_ktype = {
.default_groups = ext4_feat_groups,
.sysfs_ops = &ext4_attr_ops,
.release = (void (*)(struct kobject *))kfree,
};
static struct kobject *ext4_root;
static struct kobject *ext4_feat;
int ext4_register_sysfs(struct super_block *sb)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
int err;
init_completion(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
err = kobject_init_and_add(&sbi->s_kobj, &ext4_sb_ktype, ext4_root,
"%s", sb->s_id);
if (err) {
kobject_put(&sbi->s_kobj);
wait_for_completion(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
return err;
}
if (ext4_proc_root)
sbi->s_proc = proc_mkdir(sb->s_id, ext4_proc_root);
if (sbi->s_proc) {
proc_create_single_data("options", S_IRUGO, sbi->s_proc,
ext4_seq_options_show, sb);
proc_create_single_data("es_shrinker_info", S_IRUGO,
sbi->s_proc, ext4_seq_es_shrinker_info_show,
sb);
proc_create_single_data("fc_info", 0444, sbi->s_proc,
ext4_fc_info_show, sb);
proc_create_seq_data("mb_groups", S_IRUGO, sbi->s_proc,
&ext4_mb_seq_groups_ops, sb);
}
return 0;
}
void ext4_unregister_sysfs(struct super_block *sb)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
if (sbi->s_proc)
remove_proc_subtree(sb->s_id, ext4_proc_root);
kobject_del(&sbi->s_kobj);
}
int __init ext4_init_sysfs(void)
{
int ret;
ext4_root = kobject_create_and_add("ext4", fs_kobj);
if (!ext4_root)
return -ENOMEM;
ext4_feat = kzalloc(sizeof(*ext4_feat), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!ext4_feat) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto root_err;
}
ret = kobject_init_and_add(ext4_feat, &ext4_feat_ktype,
ext4_root, "features");
if (ret)
goto feat_err;
ext4_proc_root = proc_mkdir(proc_dirname, NULL);
return ret;
feat_err:
kobject_put(ext4_feat);
ext4_feat = NULL;
root_err:
kobject_put(ext4_root);
ext4_root = NULL;
return ret;
}
void ext4_exit_sysfs(void)
{
kobject_put(ext4_feat);
ext4_feat = NULL;
kobject_put(ext4_root);
ext4_root = NULL;
remove_proc_entry(proc_dirname, NULL);
ext4_proc_root = NULL;
}
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