kernel_optimize_test/mm/list_lru.c
Kirill Tkhai e0295238e5 mm/list_lru.c: combine code under the same define
Patch series "Improve shrink_slab() scalability (old complexity was O(n^2), new is O(n))", v8.

This patcheset solves the problem with slow shrink_slab() occuring on
the machines having many shrinkers and memory cgroups (i.e., with many
containers).  The problem is complexity of shrink_slab() is O(n^2) and
it grows too fast with the growth of containers numbers.

Let us have 200 containers, and every container has 10 mounts and 10
cgroups.  All container tasks are isolated, and they don't touch foreign
containers mounts.

In case of global reclaim, a task has to iterate all over the memcgs and
to call all the memcg-aware shrinkers for all of them.  This means, the
task has to visit 200 * 10 = 2000 shrinkers for every memcg, and since
there are 2000 memcgs, the total calls of do_shrink_slab() are 2000 *
2000 = 4000000.

4 million calls are not a number operations, which can takes 1 cpu
cycle.  E.g., super_cache_count() accesses at least two lists, and makes
arifmetical calculations.  Even, if there are no charged objects, we do
these calculations, and replaces cpu caches by read memory.  I observed
nodes spending almost 100% time in kernel, in case of intensive writing
and global reclaim.  The writer consumes pages fast, but it's need to
shrink_slab() before the reclaimer reached shrink pages function (and
frees SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX pages).  Even if there is no writing, the
iterations just waste the time, and slows reclaim down.

Let's see the small test below:

  $echo 1 > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.use_hierarchy
  $mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct
  $echo 4000M > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/memory.kmem.limit_in_bytes
  $for i in `seq 0 4000`;
          do mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/$i;
          echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/$i/cgroup.procs;
          mkdir -p s/$i; mount -t tmpfs $i s/$i; touch s/$i/file;
  done

Then, let's see drop caches time (5 sequential calls):

  $time echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

  0.00user 13.78system 0:13.78elapsed 99%CPU
  0.00user 5.59system 0:05.60elapsed 99%CPU
  0.00user 5.48system 0:05.48elapsed 99%CPU
  0.00user 8.35system 0:08.35elapsed 99%CPU
  0.00user 8.34system 0:08.35elapsed 99%CPU

The last four calls don't actually shrink anything.  So, the iterations
over slab shrinkers take 5.48 seconds.  Not so good for scalability.

The patchset solves the problem by making shrink_slab() of O(n)
complexity.  There are following functional actions:

1) Assign id to every registered memcg-aware shrinker.

2) Maintain per-memcgroup bitmap of memcg-aware shrinkers, and set a
   shrinker-related bit after the first element is added to lru list
   (also, when removed child memcg elements are reparanted).

3) Split memcg-aware shrinkers and !memcg-aware shrinkers, and call a
   shrinker if its bit is set in memcg's shrinker bitmap.  (Also, there is
   a functionality to clear the bit, after last element is shrinked).

This gives significant performance increase.  The result after patchset
is applied:

  $time echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

  0.00user 1.10system 0:01.10elapsed 99%CPU
  0.00user 0.00system 0:00.01elapsed 64%CPU
  0.00user 0.01system 0:00.01elapsed 82%CPU
  0.00user 0.00system 0:00.01elapsed 64%CPU
  0.00user 0.01system 0:00.01elapsed 82%CPU

The results show the performance increases at least in 548 times.

So, the patchset makes shrink_slab() of less complexity and improves the
performance in such types of load I pointed.  This will give a profit in
case of !global reclaim case, since there also will be less
do_shrink_slab() calls.

This patch (of 17):

These two pairs of blocks of code are under the same #ifdef #else
#endif.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063052519.1818.9393587113056959488.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-08-17 16:20:30 -07:00

600 lines
13 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Red Hat, Inc. and Parallels Inc. All rights reserved.
* Authors: David Chinner and Glauber Costa
*
* Generic LRU infrastructure
*/
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/list_lru.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
static LIST_HEAD(list_lrus);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(list_lrus_mutex);
static void list_lru_register(struct list_lru *lru)
{
mutex_lock(&list_lrus_mutex);
list_add(&lru->list, &list_lrus);
mutex_unlock(&list_lrus_mutex);
}
static void list_lru_unregister(struct list_lru *lru)
{
mutex_lock(&list_lrus_mutex);
list_del(&lru->list);
mutex_unlock(&list_lrus_mutex);
}
static inline bool list_lru_memcg_aware(struct list_lru *lru)
{
/*
* This needs node 0 to be always present, even
* in the systems supporting sparse numa ids.
*/
return !!lru->node[0].memcg_lrus;
}
static inline struct list_lru_one *
list_lru_from_memcg_idx(struct list_lru_node *nlru, int idx)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus;
/*
* Either lock or RCU protects the array of per cgroup lists
* from relocation (see memcg_update_list_lru_node).
*/
memcg_lrus = rcu_dereference_check(nlru->memcg_lrus,
lockdep_is_held(&nlru->lock));
if (memcg_lrus && idx >= 0)
return memcg_lrus->lru[idx];
return &nlru->lru;
}
static __always_inline struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_from_kmem(void *ptr)
{
struct page *page;
if (!memcg_kmem_enabled())
return NULL;
page = virt_to_head_page(ptr);
return page->mem_cgroup;
}
static inline struct list_lru_one *
list_lru_from_kmem(struct list_lru_node *nlru, void *ptr)
{
struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
if (!nlru->memcg_lrus)
return &nlru->lru;
memcg = mem_cgroup_from_kmem(ptr);
if (!memcg)
return &nlru->lru;
return list_lru_from_memcg_idx(nlru, memcg_cache_id(memcg));
}
#else
static void list_lru_register(struct list_lru *lru)
{
}
static void list_lru_unregister(struct list_lru *lru)
{
}
static inline bool list_lru_memcg_aware(struct list_lru *lru)
{
return false;
}
static inline struct list_lru_one *
list_lru_from_memcg_idx(struct list_lru_node *nlru, int idx)
{
return &nlru->lru;
}
static inline struct list_lru_one *
list_lru_from_kmem(struct list_lru_node *nlru, void *ptr)
{
return &nlru->lru;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
bool list_lru_add(struct list_lru *lru, struct list_head *item)
{
int nid = page_to_nid(virt_to_page(item));
struct list_lru_node *nlru = &lru->node[nid];
struct list_lru_one *l;
spin_lock(&nlru->lock);
if (list_empty(item)) {
l = list_lru_from_kmem(nlru, item);
list_add_tail(item, &l->list);
l->nr_items++;
nlru->nr_items++;
spin_unlock(&nlru->lock);
return true;
}
spin_unlock(&nlru->lock);
return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_add);
bool list_lru_del(struct list_lru *lru, struct list_head *item)
{
int nid = page_to_nid(virt_to_page(item));
struct list_lru_node *nlru = &lru->node[nid];
struct list_lru_one *l;
spin_lock(&nlru->lock);
if (!list_empty(item)) {
l = list_lru_from_kmem(nlru, item);
list_del_init(item);
l->nr_items--;
nlru->nr_items--;
spin_unlock(&nlru->lock);
return true;
}
spin_unlock(&nlru->lock);
return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_del);
void list_lru_isolate(struct list_lru_one *list, struct list_head *item)
{
list_del_init(item);
list->nr_items--;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_isolate);
void list_lru_isolate_move(struct list_lru_one *list, struct list_head *item,
struct list_head *head)
{
list_move(item, head);
list->nr_items--;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_isolate_move);
unsigned long list_lru_count_one(struct list_lru *lru,
int nid, struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
{
struct list_lru_node *nlru = &lru->node[nid];
struct list_lru_one *l;
unsigned long count;
rcu_read_lock();
l = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(nlru, memcg_cache_id(memcg));
count = l->nr_items;
rcu_read_unlock();
return count;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_count_one);
unsigned long list_lru_count_node(struct list_lru *lru, int nid)
{
struct list_lru_node *nlru;
nlru = &lru->node[nid];
return nlru->nr_items;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_count_node);
static unsigned long
__list_lru_walk_one(struct list_lru *lru, int nid, int memcg_idx,
list_lru_walk_cb isolate, void *cb_arg,
unsigned long *nr_to_walk)
{
struct list_lru_node *nlru = &lru->node[nid];
struct list_lru_one *l;
struct list_head *item, *n;
unsigned long isolated = 0;
spin_lock(&nlru->lock);
l = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(nlru, memcg_idx);
restart:
list_for_each_safe(item, n, &l->list) {
enum lru_status ret;
/*
* decrement nr_to_walk first so that we don't livelock if we
* get stuck on large numbesr of LRU_RETRY items
*/
if (!*nr_to_walk)
break;
--*nr_to_walk;
ret = isolate(item, l, &nlru->lock, cb_arg);
switch (ret) {
case LRU_REMOVED_RETRY:
assert_spin_locked(&nlru->lock);
/* fall through */
case LRU_REMOVED:
isolated++;
nlru->nr_items--;
/*
* If the lru lock has been dropped, our list
* traversal is now invalid and so we have to
* restart from scratch.
*/
if (ret == LRU_REMOVED_RETRY)
goto restart;
break;
case LRU_ROTATE:
list_move_tail(item, &l->list);
break;
case LRU_SKIP:
break;
case LRU_RETRY:
/*
* The lru lock has been dropped, our list traversal is
* now invalid and so we have to restart from scratch.
*/
assert_spin_locked(&nlru->lock);
goto restart;
default:
BUG();
}
}
spin_unlock(&nlru->lock);
return isolated;
}
unsigned long
list_lru_walk_one(struct list_lru *lru, int nid, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
list_lru_walk_cb isolate, void *cb_arg,
unsigned long *nr_to_walk)
{
return __list_lru_walk_one(lru, nid, memcg_cache_id(memcg),
isolate, cb_arg, nr_to_walk);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_walk_one);
unsigned long list_lru_walk_node(struct list_lru *lru, int nid,
list_lru_walk_cb isolate, void *cb_arg,
unsigned long *nr_to_walk)
{
long isolated = 0;
int memcg_idx;
isolated += __list_lru_walk_one(lru, nid, -1, isolate, cb_arg,
nr_to_walk);
if (*nr_to_walk > 0 && list_lru_memcg_aware(lru)) {
for_each_memcg_cache_index(memcg_idx) {
isolated += __list_lru_walk_one(lru, nid, memcg_idx,
isolate, cb_arg, nr_to_walk);
if (*nr_to_walk <= 0)
break;
}
}
return isolated;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_walk_node);
static void init_one_lru(struct list_lru_one *l)
{
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&l->list);
l->nr_items = 0;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
static void __memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus,
int begin, int end)
{
int i;
for (i = begin; i < end; i++)
kfree(memcg_lrus->lru[i]);
}
static int __memcg_init_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus,
int begin, int end)
{
int i;
for (i = begin; i < end; i++) {
struct list_lru_one *l;
l = kmalloc(sizeof(struct list_lru_one), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!l)
goto fail;
init_one_lru(l);
memcg_lrus->lru[i] = l;
}
return 0;
fail:
__memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(memcg_lrus, begin, i - 1);
return -ENOMEM;
}
static int memcg_init_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_node *nlru)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus;
int size = memcg_nr_cache_ids;
memcg_lrus = kvmalloc(sizeof(*memcg_lrus) +
size * sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!memcg_lrus)
return -ENOMEM;
if (__memcg_init_list_lru_node(memcg_lrus, 0, size)) {
kvfree(memcg_lrus);
return -ENOMEM;
}
RCU_INIT_POINTER(nlru->memcg_lrus, memcg_lrus);
return 0;
}
static void memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_node *nlru)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus;
/*
* This is called when shrinker has already been unregistered,
* and nobody can use it. So, there is no need to use kvfree_rcu().
*/
memcg_lrus = rcu_dereference_protected(nlru->memcg_lrus, true);
__memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(memcg_lrus, 0, memcg_nr_cache_ids);
kvfree(memcg_lrus);
}
static void kvfree_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *mlru;
mlru = container_of(head, struct list_lru_memcg, rcu);
kvfree(mlru);
}
static int memcg_update_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_node *nlru,
int old_size, int new_size)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *old, *new;
BUG_ON(old_size > new_size);
old = rcu_dereference_protected(nlru->memcg_lrus,
lockdep_is_held(&list_lrus_mutex));
new = kvmalloc(sizeof(*new) + new_size * sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!new)
return -ENOMEM;
if (__memcg_init_list_lru_node(new, old_size, new_size)) {
kvfree(new);
return -ENOMEM;
}
memcpy(&new->lru, &old->lru, old_size * sizeof(void *));
/*
* The locking below allows readers that hold nlru->lock avoid taking
* rcu_read_lock (see list_lru_from_memcg_idx).
*
* Since list_lru_{add,del} may be called under an IRQ-safe lock,
* we have to use IRQ-safe primitives here to avoid deadlock.
*/
spin_lock_irq(&nlru->lock);
rcu_assign_pointer(nlru->memcg_lrus, new);
spin_unlock_irq(&nlru->lock);
call_rcu(&old->rcu, kvfree_rcu);
return 0;
}
static void memcg_cancel_update_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_node *nlru,
int old_size, int new_size)
{
struct list_lru_memcg *memcg_lrus;
memcg_lrus = rcu_dereference_protected(nlru->memcg_lrus,
lockdep_is_held(&list_lrus_mutex));
/* do not bother shrinking the array back to the old size, because we
* cannot handle allocation failures here */
__memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(memcg_lrus, old_size, new_size);
}
static int memcg_init_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru, bool memcg_aware)
{
int i;
if (!memcg_aware)
return 0;
for_each_node(i) {
if (memcg_init_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i]))
goto fail;
}
return 0;
fail:
for (i = i - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (!lru->node[i].memcg_lrus)
continue;
memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i]);
}
return -ENOMEM;
}
static void memcg_destroy_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru)
{
int i;
if (!list_lru_memcg_aware(lru))
return;
for_each_node(i)
memcg_destroy_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i]);
}
static int memcg_update_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru,
int old_size, int new_size)
{
int i;
if (!list_lru_memcg_aware(lru))
return 0;
for_each_node(i) {
if (memcg_update_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i],
old_size, new_size))
goto fail;
}
return 0;
fail:
for (i = i - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (!lru->node[i].memcg_lrus)
continue;
memcg_cancel_update_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i],
old_size, new_size);
}
return -ENOMEM;
}
static void memcg_cancel_update_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru,
int old_size, int new_size)
{
int i;
if (!list_lru_memcg_aware(lru))
return;
for_each_node(i)
memcg_cancel_update_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i],
old_size, new_size);
}
int memcg_update_all_list_lrus(int new_size)
{
int ret = 0;
struct list_lru *lru;
int old_size = memcg_nr_cache_ids;
mutex_lock(&list_lrus_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(lru, &list_lrus, list) {
ret = memcg_update_list_lru(lru, old_size, new_size);
if (ret)
goto fail;
}
out:
mutex_unlock(&list_lrus_mutex);
return ret;
fail:
list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(lru, &list_lrus, list)
memcg_cancel_update_list_lru(lru, old_size, new_size);
goto out;
}
static void memcg_drain_list_lru_node(struct list_lru_node *nlru,
int src_idx, int dst_idx)
{
struct list_lru_one *src, *dst;
/*
* Since list_lru_{add,del} may be called under an IRQ-safe lock,
* we have to use IRQ-safe primitives here to avoid deadlock.
*/
spin_lock_irq(&nlru->lock);
src = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(nlru, src_idx);
dst = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(nlru, dst_idx);
list_splice_init(&src->list, &dst->list);
dst->nr_items += src->nr_items;
src->nr_items = 0;
spin_unlock_irq(&nlru->lock);
}
static void memcg_drain_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru,
int src_idx, int dst_idx)
{
int i;
if (!list_lru_memcg_aware(lru))
return;
for_each_node(i)
memcg_drain_list_lru_node(&lru->node[i], src_idx, dst_idx);
}
void memcg_drain_all_list_lrus(int src_idx, int dst_idx)
{
struct list_lru *lru;
mutex_lock(&list_lrus_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(lru, &list_lrus, list)
memcg_drain_list_lru(lru, src_idx, dst_idx);
mutex_unlock(&list_lrus_mutex);
}
#else
static int memcg_init_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru, bool memcg_aware)
{
return 0;
}
static void memcg_destroy_list_lru(struct list_lru *lru)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
int __list_lru_init(struct list_lru *lru, bool memcg_aware,
struct lock_class_key *key)
{
int i;
size_t size = sizeof(*lru->node) * nr_node_ids;
int err = -ENOMEM;
memcg_get_cache_ids();
lru->node = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!lru->node)
goto out;
for_each_node(i) {
spin_lock_init(&lru->node[i].lock);
if (key)
lockdep_set_class(&lru->node[i].lock, key);
init_one_lru(&lru->node[i].lru);
}
err = memcg_init_list_lru(lru, memcg_aware);
if (err) {
kfree(lru->node);
/* Do this so a list_lru_destroy() doesn't crash: */
lru->node = NULL;
goto out;
}
list_lru_register(lru);
out:
memcg_put_cache_ids();
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__list_lru_init);
void list_lru_destroy(struct list_lru *lru)
{
/* Already destroyed or not yet initialized? */
if (!lru->node)
return;
memcg_get_cache_ids();
list_lru_unregister(lru);
memcg_destroy_list_lru(lru);
kfree(lru->node);
lru->node = NULL;
memcg_put_cache_ids();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(list_lru_destroy);