CodingStyle: Clarify and complete chapter 7
Chapter 7 (Centralized exiting of functions) of the coding style documentation is unclear at times, and lacks some information (such as the possibility to indent labels with a single space.) Clarify and complete it. Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de> Cc: Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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@ -396,9 +396,13 @@ locations and some common work such as cleanup has to be done. If there is no
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cleanup needed then just return directly.
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Choose label names which say what the goto does or why the goto exists. An
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example of a good name could be "out_buffer:" if the goto frees "buffer". Avoid
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using GW-BASIC names like "err1:" and "err2:". Also don't name them after the
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goto location like "err_kmalloc_failed:"
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example of a good name could be "out_free_buffer:" if the goto frees "buffer".
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Avoid using GW-BASIC names like "err1:" and "err2:", as you would have to
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renumber them if you ever add or remove exit paths, and they make correctness
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difficult to verify anyway.
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It is advised to indent labels with a single space (not tab), so that
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"diff -p" does not confuse labels with functions.
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The rationale for using gotos is:
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@ -425,20 +429,29 @@ The rationale for using gotos is:
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goto out_buffer;
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}
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...
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out_buffer:
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out_free_buffer:
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kfree(buffer);
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return result;
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}
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A common type of bug to be aware of is "one err bugs" which look like this:
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err:
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err:
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kfree(foo->bar);
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kfree(foo);
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return ret;
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The bug in this code is that on some exit paths "foo" is NULL. Normally the
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fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_bar:" and "err_foo:".
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fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_free_bar:" and
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"err_free_foo:":
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err_free_bar:
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kfree(foo->bar);
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err_free_foo:
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kfree(foo);
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return ret;
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Ideally you should simulate errors to test all exit paths.
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Chapter 8: Commenting
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