The bpf_fib_lookup() helper performs a neighbour lookup for the destination
IP and returns BPF_FIB_LKUP_NO_NEIGH if this fails, with the expectation
that the BPF program will pass the packet up the stack in this case.
However, with the addition of bpf_redirect_neigh() that can be used instead
to perform the neighbour lookup, at the cost of a bit of duplicated work.
For that we still need the target ifindex, and since bpf_fib_lookup()
already has that at the time it performs the neighbour lookup, there is
really no reason why it can't just return it in any case. So let's just
always return the ifindex if the FIB lookup itself succeeds.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201009184234.134214-1-toke@redhat.com
"Daniel T. Lee" says:
====================
To avoid confusion caused by the increasing fragmentation of the BPF
Loader program, this commit would like to convert the previous bpf_load
loader with the libbpf loader.
Thanks to libbpf's bpf_link interface, managing the tracepoint BPF
program is much easier. bpf_program__attach_tracepoint manages the
enable of tracepoint event and attach of BPF programs to it with a
single interface bpf_link, so there is no need to manage event_fd and
prog_fd separately.
And due to addition of generic bpf_program__attach() to libbpf, it is
now possible to attach BPF programs with __attach() instead of
explicitly calling __attach_<type>().
This patchset refactors xdp_monitor with using this libbpf API, and the
bpf_load is removed and migrated to libbpf. Also, attach_tracepoint()
is replaced with the generic __attach() method in xdp_redirect_cpu.
Moreover, maps in kern program have been converted to BTF-defined map.
---
Changes in v2:
- added cleanup logic for bpf_link and bpf_object in xdp_monitor
- program section match with bpf_program__is_<type> instead of strncmp
- revert BTF key/val type to default of BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY
- split increment into seperate satement
- refactor pointer array initialization
- error code cleanup
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Most of the samples were converted to use the new BTF-defined MAP as
they moved to libbpf, but some of the samples were missing.
Instead of using the previous BPF MAP definition, this commit refactors
xdp_monitor and xdp_sample_pkts_kern MAP definition with the new
BTF-defined MAP format.
Also, this commit removes the max_entries attribute at PERF_EVENT_ARRAY
map type. The libbpf's bpf_object__create_map() will automatically
set max_entries to the maximum configured number of CPUs on the host.
Signed-off-by: Daniel T. Lee <danieltimlee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010181734.1109-4-danieltimlee@gmail.com
>From commit d7a18ea7e8 ("libbpf: Add generic bpf_program__attach()"),
for some BPF programs, it is now possible to attach BPF programs
with __attach() instead of explicitly calling __attach_<type>().
This commit refactors the __attach_tracepoint() with libbpf's generic
__attach() method. In addition, this refactors the logic of setting
the map FD to simplify the code. Also, the missing removal of
bpf_load.o in Makefile has been fixed.
Signed-off-by: Daniel T. Lee <danieltimlee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010181734.1109-3-danieltimlee@gmail.com
To avoid confusion caused by the increasing fragmentation of the BPF
Loader program, this commit would like to change to the libbpf loader
instead of using the bpf_load.
Thanks to libbpf's bpf_link interface, managing the tracepoint BPF
program is much easier. bpf_program__attach_tracepoint manages the
enable of tracepoint event and attach of BPF programs to it with a
single interface bpf_link, so there is no need to manage event_fd and
prog_fd separately.
This commit refactors xdp_monitor with using this libbpf API, and the
bpf_load is removed and migrated to libbpf.
Signed-off-by: Daniel T. Lee <danieltimlee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010181734.1109-2-danieltimlee@gmail.com
Daniel Borkmann says:
====================
This series addresses most of the feedback [0] that was to be followed
up from the last series, that is, UAPI helper comment improvements and
getting rid of the ifindex obj file hacks in the selftest by using a
BPF map instead. The __sk_buff data/data_end pointer work, I'm planning
to do in a later round as well as the mem*() BPF improvements we have
in Cilium for libbpf. Next, the series adds two features, i) a helper
called redirect_peer() to improve latency on netns switch, and ii) to
allow map in map with dynamic inner array map sizes. Selftests for each
are added as well. For details, please check individual patches, thanks!
[0] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/cover.1601477936.git.daniel@iogearbox.net/
v5 -> v6:
- Going with Andrii's suggestion to make the misconfigured verifier
test more robust, and only probe on -EOPNOTSUPP (Andrii)
v4 -> v5:
- Replace cnt == -EOPNOTSUPP check with cnt < 0; I've used < 0
here as I think it's useful to keep the existing cnt == 0 ||
cnt >= ARRAY_SIZE(insn_buf) for error detection (Andrii)
v3 -> v4:
- Rename new array map flag to BPF_F_INNER_MAP (Alexei)
v2 -> v3:
- Remove tab that slipped into uapi helper desc (Jakub)
- Rework map in map for array to error from map_gen_lookup (Andrii)
v1 -> v2:
- Fixed selftest comment wrt inner1/inner2 value (Yonghong)
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Extend the test_tc_redirect test and add a small test that exercises the new
redirect_peer() helper for the IPv4 and IPv6 case.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-7-daniel@iogearbox.net
Rename into test_tc_redirect.sh and move setup and test code into separate
functions so they can be reused for newly added tests in here. Also remove
the crude hack to override ifindex inside the object file via xxd and sed
and just use a simple map instead. Map given iproute2 does not support BTF
fully and therefore neither global data at this point.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-6-daniel@iogearbox.net
Extend the "diff_size" subtest to also include a non-inlined array map variant
where dynamic inner #elems are possible.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-5-daniel@iogearbox.net
Recent work in f4d0525921 ("bpf: Add map_meta_equal map ops") and 134fede4ee
("bpf: Relax max_entries check for most of the inner map types") added support
for dynamic inner max elements for most map-in-map types. Exceptions were maps
like array or prog array where the map_gen_lookup() callback uses the maps'
max_entries field as a constant when emitting instructions.
We recently implemented Maglev consistent hashing into Cilium's load balancer
which uses map-in-map with an outer map being hash and inner being array holding
the Maglev backend table for each service. This has been designed this way in
order to reduce overall memory consumption given the outer hash map allows to
avoid preallocating a large, flat memory area for all services. Also, the
number of service mappings is not always known a-priori.
The use case for dynamic inner array map entries is to further reduce memory
overhead, for example, some services might just have a small number of back
ends while others could have a large number. Right now the Maglev backend table
for small and large number of backends would need to have the same inner array
map entries which adds a lot of unneeded overhead.
Dynamic inner array map entries can be realized by avoiding the inlined code
generation for their lookup. The lookup will still be efficient since it will
be calling into array_map_lookup_elem() directly and thus avoiding retpoline.
The patch adds a BPF_F_INNER_MAP flag to map creation which therefore skips
inline code generation and relaxes array_map_meta_equal() check to ignore both
maps' max_entries. This also still allows to have faster lookups for map-in-map
when BPF_F_INNER_MAP is not specified and hence dynamic max_entries not needed.
Example code generation where inner map is dynamic sized array:
# bpftool p d x i 125
int handle__sys_enter(void * ctx):
; int handle__sys_enter(void *ctx)
0: (b4) w1 = 0
; int key = 0;
1: (63) *(u32 *)(r10 -4) = r1
2: (bf) r2 = r10
;
3: (07) r2 += -4
; inner_map = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&outer_arr_dyn, &key);
4: (18) r1 = map[id:468]
6: (07) r1 += 272
7: (61) r0 = *(u32 *)(r2 +0)
8: (35) if r0 >= 0x3 goto pc+5
9: (67) r0 <<= 3
10: (0f) r0 += r1
11: (79) r0 = *(u64 *)(r0 +0)
12: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+1
13: (05) goto pc+1
14: (b7) r0 = 0
15: (b4) w6 = -1
; if (!inner_map)
16: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+6
17: (bf) r2 = r10
;
18: (07) r2 += -4
; val = bpf_map_lookup_elem(inner_map, &key);
19: (bf) r1 = r0 | No inlining but instead
20: (85) call array_map_lookup_elem#149280 | call to array_map_lookup_elem()
; return val ? *val : -1; | for inner array lookup.
21: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+1
; return val ? *val : -1;
22: (61) r6 = *(u32 *)(r0 +0)
; }
23: (bc) w0 = w6
24: (95) exit
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-4-daniel@iogearbox.net
Add an efficient ingress to ingress netns switch that can be used out of tc BPF
programs in order to redirect traffic from host ns ingress into a container
veth device ingress without having to go via CPU backlog queue [0]. For local
containers this can also be utilized and path via CPU backlog queue only needs
to be taken once, not twice. On a high level this borrows from ipvlan which does
similar switch in __netif_receive_skb_core() and then iterates via another_round.
This helps to reduce latency for mentioned use cases.
Pod to remote pod with redirect(), TCP_RR [1]:
# percpu_netperf 10.217.1.33
RT_LATENCY: 122.450 (per CPU: 122.666 122.401 122.333 122.401 )
MEAN_LATENCY: 121.210 (per CPU: 121.100 121.260 121.320 121.160 )
STDDEV_LATENCY: 120.040 (per CPU: 119.420 119.910 125.460 115.370 )
MIN_LATENCY: 46.500 (per CPU: 47.000 47.000 47.000 45.000 )
P50_LATENCY: 118.500 (per CPU: 118.000 119.000 118.000 119.000 )
P90_LATENCY: 127.500 (per CPU: 127.000 128.000 127.000 128.000 )
P99_LATENCY: 130.750 (per CPU: 131.000 131.000 129.000 132.000 )
TRANSACTION_RATE: 32666.400 (per CPU: 8152.200 8169.842 8174.439 8169.897 )
Pod to remote pod with redirect_peer(), TCP_RR:
# percpu_netperf 10.217.1.33
RT_LATENCY: 44.449 (per CPU: 43.767 43.127 45.279 45.622 )
MEAN_LATENCY: 45.065 (per CPU: 44.030 45.530 45.190 45.510 )
STDDEV_LATENCY: 84.823 (per CPU: 66.770 97.290 84.380 90.850 )
MIN_LATENCY: 33.500 (per CPU: 33.000 33.000 34.000 34.000 )
P50_LATENCY: 43.250 (per CPU: 43.000 43.000 43.000 44.000 )
P90_LATENCY: 46.750 (per CPU: 46.000 47.000 47.000 47.000 )
P99_LATENCY: 52.750 (per CPU: 51.000 54.000 53.000 53.000 )
TRANSACTION_RATE: 90039.500 (per CPU: 22848.186 23187.089 22085.077 21919.130 )
[0] https://linuxplumbersconf.org/event/7/contributions/674/attachments/568/1002/plumbers_2020_cilium_load_balancer.pdf
[1] https://github.com/borkmann/netperf_scripts/blob/master/percpu_netperf
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-3-daniel@iogearbox.net
Follow-up to address David's feedback that we should better describe internals
of the bpf_redirect_neigh() helper.
Suggested-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201010234006.7075-2-daniel@iogearbox.net
Alexei Starovoitov says:
====================
Make two verifier improvements:
- The llvm register allocator may use two different registers representing
the same virtual register. Teach the verifier to recognize that.
- Track bounded scalar spill/fill.
The profiler[123] test in patch 3 will fail to load without patches 1 and 2.
The profiler[23] test may fail to load on older llvm due to speculative
code motion nd instruction combining optimizations that are fixed in
https://reviews.llvm.org/D85570
v1 -> v2:
- fixed 32-bit mov issue spotted by John.
- allowed r2=r1; r3=r2; sequence as suggested by John.
- added comments, acks, more tests.
====================
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
The main purpose of the profiler test to check different llvm generation
patterns to make sure the verifier can load these large programs.
Note that profiler.inc.h test doesn't follow strict kernel coding style.
The code was formatted in the kernel style, but variable declarations are
kept as-is to preserve original llvm IR pattern.
profiler1.c should pass with older and newer llvm
profiler[23].c may fail on older llvm that don't have:
https://reviews.llvm.org/D85570
because llvm may do speculative code motion optimization that
will generate code like this:
// r9 is a pointer to map_value
// r7 is a scalar
17: bf 96 00 00 00 00 00 00 r6 = r9
18: 0f 76 00 00 00 00 00 00 r6 += r7
19: a5 07 01 00 01 01 00 00 if r7 < 257 goto +1
20: bf 96 00 00 00 00 00 00 r6 = r9
// r6 is used here
The verifier will reject such code with the error:
"math between map_value pointer and register with unbounded min value is not allowed"
At insn 18 the r7 is indeed unbounded. The later insn 19 checks the bounds and
the insn 20 undoes map_value addition. It is currently impossible for the
verifier to understand such speculative pointer arithmetic. Hence llvm D85570
addresses it on the compiler side.
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201009011240.48506-4-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Under register pressure the llvm may spill registers with bounds into the stack.
The verifier has to track them through spill/fill otherwise many kinds of bound
errors will be seen. The spill/fill of induction variables was already
happening. This patch extends this logic from tracking spill/fill of a constant
into any bounded register. There is no need to track spill/fill of unbounded,
since no new information will be retrieved from the stack during register fill.
Though extra stack difference could cause state pruning to be less effective, no
adverse affects were seen from this patch on selftests and on cilium programs.
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201009011240.48506-3-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
The llvm register allocator may use two different registers representing the
same virtual register. In such case the following pattern can be observed:
1047: (bf) r9 = r6
1048: (a5) if r6 < 0x1000 goto pc+1
1050: ...
1051: (a5) if r9 < 0x2 goto pc+66
1052: ...
1053: (bf) r2 = r9 /* r2 needs to have upper and lower bounds */
This is normal behavior of greedy register allocator.
The slides 137+ explain why regalloc introduces such register copy:
http://llvm.org/devmtg/2018-04/slides/Yatsina-LLVM%20Greedy%20Register%20Allocator.pdf
There is no way to tell llvm 'not to do this'.
Hence the verifier has to recognize such patterns.
In order to track this information without backtracking allocate ID
for scalars in a similar way as it's done for find_good_pkt_pointers().
When the verifier encounters r9 = r6 assignment it will assign the same ID
to both registers. Later if either register range is narrowed via conditional
jump propagate the register state into the other register.
Clear register ID in adjust_reg_min_max_vals() for any alu instruction. The
register ID is ignored for scalars in regsafe() and doesn't affect state
pruning. mark_reg_unknown() clears the ID. It's used to process call, endian
and other instructions. Hence ID is explicitly cleared only in
adjust_reg_min_max_vals() and in 32-bit mov.
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201009011240.48506-2-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Introduce one cache line worth of padding between the producer and
consumer pointers in all the lockless rings. This so that the HW
adjacency prefetcher will not prefetch the consumer pointer when the
producer pointer is used and vice versa. This improves throughput
performance for the l2fwd sample app with 2% on my machine with HW
prefetching turned on.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/1602166338-21378-1-git-send-email-magnus.karlsson@gmail.com
Andrii Nakryiko says:
====================
Patch set implements logic in libbpf to auto-adjust memory size (1-, 2-, 4-,
8-bytes) of load/store (LD/ST/STX) instructions which have BPF CO-RE field
offset relocation associated with it. In practice this means transparent
handling of 32-bit kernels, both pointer and unsigned integers. Signed
integers are not relocatable with zero-extending loads/stores, so libbpf
poisons them and generates a warning. If/when BPF gets support for
sign-extending loads/stores, it would be possible to automatically relocate
them as well.
All the details are contained in patch #2 comments and commit message.
Patch #3 is a simple change in libbpf to make advanced testing with custom BTF
easier. Patch #4 validates correct uses of auto-resizable loads, as well as
check that libbpf fails invalid uses. Patch #1 skips CO-RE relocation for
programs that had bpf_program__set_autoload(prog, false) set on them, reducing
warnings and noise.
v2->v3:
- fix copyright (Alexei);
v1->v2:
- more consistent names for instruction mem size convertion routines (Alexei);
- extended selftests to use relocatable STX instructions (Alexei);
- added a fix for skipping CO-RE relocation for non-loadable programs.
Cc: Luka Perkov <luka.perkov@sartura.hr>
Cc: Tony Ambardar <tony.ambardar@gmail.com>
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Add selftests validating libbpf's auto-resizing of load/store instructions
when used with CO-RE relocations. An explicit and manual approach with using
bpf_core_read() is also demonstrated and tested. Separate BPF program is
supposed to fail due to using signed integers of sizes that differ from
kernel's sizes.
To reliably simulate 32-bit BTF (i.e., the one with sizeof(long) ==
sizeof(void *) == 4), selftest generates its own custom BTF and passes it as
a replacement for real kernel BTF. This allows to test 32/64-bitness mix on
all architectures.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201008001025.292064-5-andrii@kernel.org
Use generalized BTF parsing logic, making it possible to parse BTF both from
ELF file, as well as a raw BTF dump. This makes it easier to write custom
tests with manually generated BTFs.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201008001025.292064-4-andrii@kernel.org
Add support for patching instructions of the following form:
- rX = *(T *)(rY + <off>);
- *(T *)(rX + <off>) = rY;
- *(T *)(rX + <off>) = <imm>, where T is one of {u8, u16, u32, u64}.
For such instructions, if the actual kernel field recorded in CO-RE relocation
has a different size than the one recorded locally (e.g., from vmlinux.h),
then libbpf will adjust T to an appropriate 1-, 2-, 4-, or 8-byte loads.
In general, such transformation is not always correct and could lead to
invalid final value being loaded or stored. But two classes of cases are
always safe:
- if both local and target (kernel) types are unsigned integers, but of
different sizes, then it's OK to adjust load/store instruction according to
the necessary memory size. Zero-extending nature of such instructions and
unsignedness make sure that the final value is always correct;
- pointer size mismatch between BPF target architecture (which is always
64-bit) and 32-bit host kernel architecture can be similarly resolved
automatically, because pointer is essentially an unsigned integer. Loading
32-bit pointer into 64-bit BPF register with zero extension will leave
correct pointer in the register.
Both cases are necessary to support CO-RE on 32-bit kernels, as `unsigned
long` in vmlinux.h generated from 32-bit kernel is 32-bit, but when compiled
with BPF program for BPF target it will be treated by compiler as 64-bit
integer. Similarly, pointers in vmlinux.h are 32-bit for kernel, but treated
as 64-bit values by compiler for BPF target. Both problems are now resolved by
libbpf for direct memory reads.
But similar transformations are useful in general when kernel fields are
"resized" from, e.g., unsigned int to unsigned long (or vice versa).
Now, similar transformations for signed integers are not safe to perform as
they will result in incorrect sign extension of the value. If such situation
is detected, libbpf will emit helpful message and will poison the instruction.
Not failing immediately means that it's possible to guard the instruction
based on kernel version (or other conditions) and make sure it's not
reachable.
If there is a need to read signed integers that change sizes between different
kernels, it's possible to use BPF_CORE_READ_BITFIELD() macro, which works both
with bitfields and non-bitfield integers of any signedness and handles
sign-extension properly. Also, bpf_core_read() with proper size and/or use of
bpf_core_field_size() relocation could allow to deal with such complicated
situations explicitly, if not so conventiently as direct memory reads.
Selftests added in a separate patch in progs/test_core_autosize.c demonstrate
both direct memory and probed use cases.
BPF_CORE_READ() is not changed and it won't deal with such situations as
automatically as direct memory reads due to the signedness integer
limitations, which are much harder to detect and control with compiler macro
magic. So it's encouraged to utilize direct memory reads as much as possible.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201008001025.292064-3-andrii@kernel.org
Bypass CO-RE relocations step for BPF programs that are not going to be
loaded. This allows to have BPF programs compiled in and disabled dynamically
if kernel is not supposed to provide enough relocation information. In such
case, there won't be unnecessary warnings about failed relocations.
Fixes: d929758101 ("libbpf: Support disabling auto-loading BPF programs")
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201008001025.292064-2-andrii@kernel.org
Fix a compatibility problem when the old XDP_SHARED_UMEM mode is used
together with the xsk_socket__create() call. In the old XDP_SHARED_UMEM
mode, only sharing of the same device and queue id was allowed, and
in this mode, the fill ring and completion ring were shared between
the AF_XDP sockets.
Therefore, it was perfectly fine to call the xsk_socket__create() API
for each socket and not use the new xsk_socket__create_shared() API.
This behavior was ruined by the commit introducing XDP_SHARED_UMEM
support between different devices and/or queue ids. This patch restores
the ability to use xsk_socket__create in these circumstances so that
backward compatibility is not broken.
Fixes: 2f6324a393 ("libbpf: Support shared umems between queues and devices")
Signed-off-by: Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/1602070946-11154-1-git-send-email-magnus.karlsson@gmail.com
When CONFIG_NET is not defined, I hit the following build error:
kernel/trace/bpf_trace.o:(.rodata+0x110): undefined reference to `bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp'
Commit 1b4d60ec16 ("bpf: Enable BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN for raw_tracepoint")
added test_run support for raw_tracepoint in /kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c.
But the test_run function bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp is defined in
net/bpf/test_run.c, only available with CONFIG_NET=y.
Adding a CONFIG_NET guard for
.test_run = bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp;
fixed the above build issue.
Fixes: 1b4d60ec16 ("bpf: Enable BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN for raw_tracepoint")
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201007062933.3425899-1-yhs@fb.com
Fix build errors in kernel/bpf/verifier.c when CONFIG_NET is
not enabled.
../kernel/bpf/verifier.c:3995:13: error: ‘btf_sock_ids’ undeclared here (not in a function); did you mean ‘bpf_sock_ops’?
.btf_id = &btf_sock_ids[BTF_SOCK_TYPE_SOCK_COMMON],
../kernel/bpf/verifier.c:3995:26: error: ‘BTF_SOCK_TYPE_SOCK_COMMON’ undeclared here (not in a function); did you mean ‘PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON’?
.btf_id = &btf_sock_ids[BTF_SOCK_TYPE_SOCK_COMMON],
Fixes: 1df8f55a37 ("bpf: Enable bpf_skc_to_* sock casting helper to networking prog type")
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201007021613.13646-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
Commit 4976b718c3 ("bpf: Introduce pseudo_btf_id") switched
the order of check_subprogs() and resolve_pseudo_ldimm() in
the verifier. Now an empty prog expects to see the error "last
insn is not an the prog of a single invalid ldimm exit or jmp"
instead, because the check for subprogs comes first. It's now
pointless to validate that half of ldimm64 won't be the last
instruction.
Tested:
# ./test_verifier
Summary: 1129 PASSED, 537 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED
and the full set of bpf selftests.
Fixes: 4976b718c3 ("bpf: Introduce pseudo_btf_id")
Signed-off-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201007022857.2791884-1-haoluo@google.com
Add an option to count the number of interrupts generated per second and
total number of interrupts during the lifetime of the application for a
given interface. This information is extracted from /proc/interrupts. Since
there is no naming convention across drivers, the user must provide the
string which is specific to their interface in the /proc/interrupts file on
the command line.
Usage:
./xdpsock ... -I <irq_str>
eg. for queue 0 of i40e device eth0:
./xdpsock ... -I i40e-eth0-TxRx-0
Signed-off-by: Ciara Loftus <ciara.loftus@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201002133612.31536-3-ciara.loftus@intel.com
Categorise and record syscalls issued in the xdpsock sample app. The
categories recorded are:
rx_empty_polls: polls when the rx ring is empty
fill_fail_polls: polls when failed to get addr from fill ring
copy_tx_sendtos: sendtos issued for tx when copy mode enabled
tx_wakeup_sendtos: sendtos issued when tx ring needs waking up
opt_polls: polls issued since the '-p' flag is set
Print the stats using '-a' on the xdpsock command line.
Signed-off-by: Ciara Loftus <ciara.loftus@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201002133612.31536-2-ciara.loftus@intel.com
New statistics will be added in future commits. In preparation for this,
let's split out the existing statistics into their own struct.
Signed-off-by: Ciara Loftus <ciara.loftus@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201002133612.31536-1-ciara.loftus@intel.com
Compiling samples/bpf hits an error related to fallthrough marking.
...
CC samples/bpf/hbm.o
samples/bpf/hbm.c: In function ‘main’:
samples/bpf/hbm.c:486:4: error: ‘fallthrough’ undeclared (first use in this function)
fallthrough;
^~~~~~~~~~~
The "fallthrough" is not defined under tools/include directory.
Rather, it is "__fallthrough" is defined in linux/compiler.h.
Including "linux/compiler.h" and using "__fallthrough" fixed the issue.
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201006043427.1891805-1-yhs@fb.com
With latest llvm trunk, bpf programs under samples/bpf
directory, if using CORE, may experience the following
errors:
LLVM ERROR: Cannot select: intrinsic %llvm.preserve.struct.access.index
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://bugs.llvm.org/ and include the crash backtrace.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: llc -march=bpf -filetype=obj -o samples/bpf/test_probe_write_user_kern.o
1. Running pass 'Function Pass Manager' on module '<stdin>'.
2. Running pass 'BPF DAG->DAG Pattern Instruction Selection' on function '@bpf_prog1'
#0 0x000000000183c26c llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int)
(/data/users/yhs/work/llvm-project/llvm/build.cur/install/bin/llc+0x183c26c)
...
#7 0x00000000017c375e (/data/users/yhs/work/llvm-project/llvm/build.cur/install/bin/llc+0x17c375e)
#8 0x00000000016a75c5 llvm::SelectionDAGISel::CannotYetSelect(llvm::SDNode*)
(/data/users/yhs/work/llvm-project/llvm/build.cur/install/bin/llc+0x16a75c5)
#9 0x00000000016ab4f8 llvm::SelectionDAGISel::SelectCodeCommon(llvm::SDNode*, unsigned char const*,
unsigned int) (/data/users/yhs/work/llvm-project/llvm/build.cur/install/bin/llc+0x16ab4f8)
...
Aborted (core dumped) | llc -march=bpf -filetype=obj -o samples/bpf/test_probe_write_user_kern.o
The reason is due to llvm change https://reviews.llvm.org/D87153
where the CORE relocation global generation is moved from the beginning
of target dependent optimization (llc) to the beginning
of target independent optimization (opt).
Since samples/bpf programs did not use vmlinux.h and its clang compilation
uses native architecture, we need to adjust arch triple at opt level
to do CORE relocation global generation properly. Otherwise, the above
error will appear.
This patch fixed the issue by introduce opt and llvm-dis to compilation chain,
which will do proper CORE relocation global generation as well as O2 level
optimization. Tested with llvm10, llvm11 and trunk/llvm12.
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201006043427.1891742-1-yhs@fb.com
bpf_program__set_attach_target(prog, fd, ...) will always fail when
fd = 0 (attach to a kernel symbol) because obj->btf_vmlinux is NULL
and there is no way to set it (at the moment btf_vmlinux is meant
to be temporary storage for use in bpf_object__load_xattr()).
Fix this by using libbpf_find_vmlinux_btf_id().
At some point we may want to opportunistically cache btf_vmlinux
so it can be reused with multiple programs.
Signed-off-by: Luigi Rizzo <lrizzo@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Acked-by: Petar Penkov <ppenkov@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201005224528.389097-1-lrizzo@google.com
Hangbin Liu says:
====================
When a user reuse map fd after creating a map manually and set the
pin_path, then load the object via libbpf. bpf_object__create_maps()
will skip pinning map if map fd exist. Fix it by add moving bpf creation
to else condition and go on checking map pin_path after that.
v3:
for selftest: use CHECK() for bpf_object__open_file() and close map fd on error
v2:
a) close map fd if init map slots failed
b) add bpf selftest for this scenario
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
This add a test to make sure that we can still pin maps with
reused map fd.
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201006021345.3817033-4-liuhangbin@gmail.com
Say a user reuse map fd after creating a map manually and set the
pin_path, then load the object via libbpf.
In libbpf bpf_object__create_maps(), bpf_object__reuse_map() will
return 0 if there is no pinned map in map->pin_path. Then after
checking if map fd exist, we should also check if pin_path was set
and do bpf_map__pin() instead of continue the loop.
Fix it by creating map if fd not exist and continue checking pin_path
after that.
Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201006021345.3817033-3-liuhangbin@gmail.com
Previously we forgot to close the map fd if bpf_map_update_elem()
failed during map slot init, which will leak map fd.
Let's move map slot initialization to new function init_map_slots() to
simplify the code. And close the map fd if init slot failed.
Reported-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201006021345.3817033-2-liuhangbin@gmail.com
Update Andrii Nakryiko's reviewer email to kernel.org account. This optimizes
email logistics on my side and makes it less likely for me to miss important
patches.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201005223648.2437130-1-andrii@kernel.org
Recent improvements in LOCKDEP highlighted a potential A-A deadlock with
pcpu_freelist in NMI:
./tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_progs -t stacktrace_build_id_nmi
[ 18.984807] ================================
[ 18.984807] WARNING: inconsistent lock state
[ 18.984808] 5.9.0-rc6-01771-g1466de1330e1 #2967 Not tainted
[ 18.984809] --------------------------------
[ 18.984809] inconsistent {INITIAL USE} -> {IN-NMI} usage.
[ 18.984810] test_progs/1990 [HC2[2]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] takes:
[ 18.984810] ffffe8ffffc219c0 (&head->lock){....}-{2:2}, at: __pcpu_freelist_pop+0xe3/0x180
[ 18.984813] {INITIAL USE} state was registered at:
[ 18.984814] lock_acquire+0x175/0x7c0
[ 18.984814] _raw_spin_lock+0x2c/0x40
[ 18.984815] __pcpu_freelist_pop+0xe3/0x180
[ 18.984815] pcpu_freelist_pop+0x31/0x40
[ 18.984816] htab_map_alloc+0xbbf/0xf40
[ 18.984816] __do_sys_bpf+0x5aa/0x3ed0
[ 18.984817] do_syscall_64+0x2d/0x40
[ 18.984818] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[ 18.984818] irq event stamp: 12
[...]
[ 18.984822] other info that might help us debug this:
[ 18.984823] Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[ 18.984823]
[ 18.984824] CPU0
[ 18.984824] ----
[ 18.984824] lock(&head->lock);
[ 18.984826] <Interrupt>
[ 18.984826] lock(&head->lock);
[ 18.984827]
[ 18.984828] *** DEADLOCK ***
[ 18.984828]
[ 18.984829] 2 locks held by test_progs/1990:
[...]
[ 18.984838] <NMI>
[ 18.984838] dump_stack+0x9a/0xd0
[ 18.984839] lock_acquire+0x5c9/0x7c0
[ 18.984839] ? lock_release+0x6f0/0x6f0
[ 18.984840] ? __pcpu_freelist_pop+0xe3/0x180
[ 18.984840] _raw_spin_lock+0x2c/0x40
[ 18.984841] ? __pcpu_freelist_pop+0xe3/0x180
[ 18.984841] __pcpu_freelist_pop+0xe3/0x180
[ 18.984842] pcpu_freelist_pop+0x17/0x40
[ 18.984842] ? lock_release+0x6f0/0x6f0
[ 18.984843] __bpf_get_stackid+0x534/0xaf0
[ 18.984843] bpf_prog_1fd9e30e1438d3c5_oncpu+0x73/0x350
[ 18.984844] bpf_overflow_handler+0x12f/0x3f0
This is because pcpu_freelist_head.lock is accessed in both NMI and
non-NMI context. Fix this issue by using raw_spin_trylock() in NMI.
Since NMI interrupts non-NMI context, when NMI context tries to lock the
raw_spinlock, non-NMI context of the same CPU may already have locked a
lock and is blocked from unlocking the lock. For a system with N CPUs,
there could be N NMIs at the same time, and they may block N non-NMI
raw_spinlocks. This is tricky for pcpu_freelist_push(), where unlike
_pop(), failing _push() means leaking memory. This issue is more likely to
trigger in non-SMP system.
Fix this issue with an extra list, pcpu_freelist.extralist. The extralist
is primarily used to take _push() when raw_spin_trylock() failed on all
the per CPU lists. It should be empty most of the time. The following
table summarizes the behavior of pcpu_freelist in NMI and non-NMI:
non-NMI pop(): use _lock(); check per CPU lists first;
if all per CPU lists are empty, check extralist;
if extralist is empty, return NULL.
non-NMI push(): use _lock(); only push to per CPU lists.
NMI pop(): use _trylock(); check per CPU lists first;
if all per CPU lists are locked or empty, check extralist;
if extralist is locked or empty, return NULL.
NMI push(): use _trylock(); check per CPU lists first;
if all per CPU lists are locked; try push to extralist;
if extralist is also locked, keep trying on per CPU lists.
Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201005165838.3735218-1-songliubraving@fb.com
We are missing a deref for the case when we are doing BPF_PROG_BIND_MAP
on a map that's being already held by the program.
There is 'if (ret) bpf_map_put(map)' below which doesn't trigger
because we don't consider this an error.
Let's add missing bpf_map_put() for this specific condition.
Fixes: ef15314aa5 ("bpf: Add BPF_PROG_BIND_MAP syscall")
Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201003002544.3601440-1-sdf@google.com
John Fastabend says:
====================
This implements the helper skb_adjust_room() for BPF_SKS_SK_STREAM_VERDICT
programs so we can push/pop headers from the data on recieve. One use
case is to pop TLS headers off kTLS packets.
The first patch implements the helper and the second updates test_sockmap
to use it removing some case handling we had to do earlier to account for
the TLS headers in the kTLS tests.
v1->v2:
Fix error path for TLS case (Daniel)
check mode input is 0 because we don't use it now (Daniel)
Remove incorrect/misleading comment (Lorenz)
Thanks,
John
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
---
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
This implements a new helper skb_adjust_room() so users can push/pop
extra bytes from a BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT program.
Some protocols may include headers and other information that we may
not want to include when doing a redirect from a BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT
program. One use case is to redirect TLS packets into a receive socket
that doesn't expect TLS data. In TLS case the first 13B or so contain the
protocol header. With KTLS the payload is decrypted so we should be able
to redirect this to a receiving socket, but the receiving socket may not
be expecting to receive a TLS header and discard the data. Using the
above helper we can pop the header off and put an appropriate header on
the payload. This allows for creating a proxy between protocols without
extra hops through the stack or userspace.
So in order to fix this case add skb_adjust_room() so users can strip the
header. After this the user can strip the header and an unmodified receiver
thread will work correctly when data is redirected into the ingress path
of a sock.
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/160160099197.7052.8443193973242831692.stgit@john-Precision-5820-Tower
Hao Luo says:
====================
v3 -> v4:
- Rebasing
- Cast bpf_[per|this]_cpu_ptr's parameter to void __percpu * before
passing into per_cpu_ptr.
v2 -> v3:
- Rename functions and variables in verifier for better readability.
- Stick to logging message convention in libbpf.
- Move bpf_per_cpu_ptr and bpf_this_cpu_ptr from trace-specific
helper set to base helper set.
- More specific test in ksyms_btf.
- Fix return type cast in bpf_*_cpu_ptr.
- Fix btf leak in ksyms_btf selftest.
- Fix return error code for kallsyms_find().
v1 -> v2:
- Move check_pseudo_btf_id from check_ld_imm() to
replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr() and rename the latter.
- Add bpf_this_cpu_ptr().
- Use bpf_core_types_are_compat() in libbpf.c for checking type
compatibility.
- Rewrite typed ksym extern type in BTF with int to save space.
- Minor revision of bpf_per_cpu_ptr()'s comments.
- Avoid using long in tests that use skeleton.
- Refactored test_ksyms.c by moving kallsyms_find() to trace_helpers.c
- Fold the patches that sync include/linux/uapi and
tools/include/linux/uapi.
rfc -> v1:
- Encode VAR's btf_id for PSEUDO_BTF_ID.
- More checks in verifier. Checking the btf_id passed as
PSEUDO_BTF_ID is valid VAR, its name and type.
- Checks in libbpf on type compatibility of ksyms.
- Add bpf_per_cpu_ptr() to access kernel percpu vars. Introduced
new ARG and RET types for this helper.
This patch series extends the previously added __ksym externs with
btf support.
Right now the __ksym externs are treated as pure 64-bit scalar value.
Libbpf replaces ld_imm64 insn of __ksym by its kernel address at load
time. This patch series extend those externs with their btf info. Note
that btf support for __ksym must come with the kernel btf that has
VARs encoded to work properly. The corresponding chagnes in pahole
is available at [1] (with a fix at [2] for gcc 4.9+).
The first 3 patches in this series add support for general kernel
global variables, which include verifier checking (01/06), libpf
support (02/06) and selftests for getting typed ksym extern's kernel
address (03/06).
The next 3 patches extends that capability further by introducing
helpers bpf_per_cpu_ptr() and bpf_this_cpu_ptr(), which allows accessing
kernel percpu variables correctly (04/06 and 05/06).
The tests of this feature were performed against pahole that is extended
with [1] and [2]. For kernel BTF that does not have VARs encoded, the
selftests will be skipped.
[1] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/devel/pahole/pahole.git/commit/?id=f3d9054ba8ff1df0fc44e507e3a01c0964cabd42
[2] https://www.spinics.net/lists/dwarves/msg00451.html
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Test bpf_per_cpu_ptr() and bpf_this_cpu_ptr(). Test two paths in the
kernel. If the base pointer points to a struct, the returned reg is
of type PTR_TO_BTF_ID. Direct pointer dereference can be applied on
the returned variable. If the base pointer isn't a struct, the
returned reg is of type PTR_TO_MEM, which also supports direct pointer
dereference.
Signed-off-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200929235049.2533242-7-haoluo@google.com
